Lebanon, state of survival

Lebanon is often described as “the most successful failed state of the 21st century”. This irony perfectly describes the reality of the country, which harbors vital forces and remarkable economic and cultural potential, but which suffers from extreme and inextricable violence. 
This book, which reads like a thriller, traces this turbulent history since the 19th century: that of a country condemned to constant struggle, constantly buffeted by external interventions, from the Ottomans to the Iranians, via the Syrians, the Israelis, the British and the Americans, not forgetting France, which continues to play a pre-eminent role. 
Although Lebanon, the gateway to the Middle East and hostage to international rivalries, has managed, despite everything, to survive, and, like Sisyphus, to heal its internal dissensions in order to constantly climb back up the slope, it has nevertheless been hit in recent years by